Factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la preeclampsia en adolescentes

The objective of this study is to analyze the risk factors and consequences associated with preeclampsia in pregnant adolescents, based on a survey of scientific publications carried out between 2019 and 2024 in databases such as PubMed, Scielo and Elsevier, a descriptive and exploratory study was carried out with an observational and cross-sectional approach, in addition to social factors, such as precarious economic conditions and restricted access to prenatal health services, biological factors such as uterine immaturity, obesity and malnutrition were also detected. The results showed that preeclampsia in adolescence increases the risk of fetal complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth and fetal mortality, as well as maternal consequences such as HELLP syndrome, hemorrhage and eclampsia. This study highlights the need for specific interventions that focus on reproductive health education initiatives and early antenatal care, particularly for vulnerable groups. In addition, it was determined that to reduce the prevalence and severity of preeclampsia in adolescents, a comprehensive strategy is required that takes into account both biological and social aspects.