Enseñanza de lectoescritura: propuesta del método global para fortalecer habilidades lingüísticas

Language skills are necessary in human development since they allow strengthening cognitive processes of greater complexity. To do this, the teacher must be trained in innovative methodological strategies. However, in Ecuador, there have been shortcomings in reading and writing. From the above, the main objective arises: to design a methodological strategy based on the global method for the improvement of reading and writing in students of the Juan León Mera Basic General Education School. To this end, a survey was applied for students and an observation guide for the single-teacher teacher. From the application of the surveys and the observation guide, it was found that students present significant deficiencies in key skills related to language comprehension and expression; 75% showed difficulties in activities that evaluated auditory memory, reflecting the need to implement pedagogical strategies to strengthen these competencies. Therefore, the areas of opportunity were identified and a proposal for a methodological strategy based on the global method was proposed through the planning, execution and monitoring of three educational sessions. Among these, the development of phoneme vocalization, sentence formulation and the strengthening of auditory memory are recommended. It is concluded from the results that methodological strategies based on the global method allow promoting the improvement of reading and writing in students of the Juan León Mera School of Basic General Education