Diseño y Validación de un Instrumento para Medir el Grado de Conocimiento sobre las Infecciones del Tracto Urinario durante el Embarazo

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a public health problem. Objective: To design and validate an instrument to measure the level of knowledge about urinary tract infections during pregnancy in pregnant women. Materials and methods: An analytical, observational, longitudinal study was carried out at the Family Medicine Unit No. 1 of the IMSS, Puebla. A systematic review was conducted, and items were written, constructing an instrument of 14 questions divided into 5 dimensions; For construct validation, the Delphi method was used, which was restructured twice, reducing the dimensions to 4: general knowledge, preventive measures, complications, and treatment of UTI. A pilot group of 15 pregnant women was applied; based on their responses, a database was created and analyzed by the SPSS V24 program. Results: A final instrument was constructed with 14 items grouped into four dimensions, with face, content, and construct validity determined by the experts. Its format was simple, easy, and self-administered, with an internal consistency of 0.97 after the KR-20 statistical reliability test. Conclusions: The instrument developed to measure the level of knowledge about urinary tract infections during pregnancy in pregnant women has face, content, and construct validity. It is easy to use, has an appropriate format, and excellent internal consistency.