¿Cuál dieta es más sustentable?. Una revisión sistemática de la huella de carbono generada por los tipos de alimentación humana

From production to waste, food generates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2), that contribute to climate change. Modifying our diets can be a strategy to reduce emissions. This review compares the environmental impact of different diets, focusing on CO2 and GHG emissions. The SALSA method was used to search, evaluate, synthesize, and analyze information from scientific articles in international databases. Vegan and vegetarian diets (personal choice) and diets from Asian countries like India and Thailand (cultural traits) have the lowest environmental impact. In both cases, low emissions are associated with high vegetable consumption and low or no meat consumption. Studies agree that the best choice for sustainable development is a diet that includes moderate red meat consumption and prioritizes local products. This work is expected to help consumers make informed decisions about their diet.