Biomass as a Renewable Energy Source

Renewable energy sources (RES) refer to energy sources that are found in nature and are fully or partially replenished. The most significant renewable sources are solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, and bioenergy (biomass). Biomass is the energy source with the longest history of use. Given that there are numerous different types of biomasses that can be used as biofuels, the aim of this paper was to highlight the main aspects of using biomass as a renewable energy source. The energy stored in biomass is the result of natural chemical processes, which means that during its exploitation, there are no interruptions typically associated with other RES, such as solar or wind energy. By plowing biomass instead of removing or burning it, combined with the use of organic and mineral fertilizers, there is a significant increase in the content and availability of nutrients, an increase in the humus content in the soil, and, therefore, an improvement in its overall fertility and crop yield. One of the main advantages of biomass over other renewable fuels is its ability to be stored, preserved, and specifically used to meet current energy needs. Furthermore, the broader social and economic benefits of using biomass are reflected in the creation of new jobs and the promotion of rural area development, which are involved in the cultivation, collection, and distribution of biomass as fuel.