Addressing Challenges in EV Charging Infrastructure in Kerala : Comparative Study on Small-Scale E2W Manufacturers and Users

This study discusses the impact of limited electric vehicle (EV) public charging infrastructure on the adoption of electric two-wheelers (E2Ws) in Kerala, India. The study is based on a mixed-methods approach and combines qualitative data from interviews with small-scale E2W manufacturers with quantitative data obtained from surveys among E2W consumers. The research investigates the effects of infrastructure issues - low availability, unstandardization, and technical unreliability- on supply-side (manufacturer) decisions and demand-side (customer) behavior. Thematic analysis is employed to elicit significant issues challenged by manufacturers and comparative analysis to contrast with those of users. Evidence suggests manufacturers’ and consumers' needs and infrastructure capacity are aligned, highlighting the importance of standardised, accessible, and reliable charging infrastructure in facilitating E2W adoption in emerging economies like Kerala.