A aplicação do instrumento do estudo de impacto de vizinhança como forma de preservação do patrimônio histórico e cultural das cidades brasileiras

The legislative instruments for the defense and preservation of the historical, architectural, and cultural heritage of Brazilian cities are critically important in the face of rapid urban transformations, real estate speculation pressures, and the inaction and indifference of public authorities regarding memory preservation policies. This study describes and analyzes the Neighborhood Impact Study (EIV) instrument, established by the City Statute (Law 10.251/2001), as an option for historical and cultural preservation, evaluating its potential to maintain and protect historic areas through direct community participation and sectoral councils in decisions regarding cultural heritage. However, its implementation requires political will, and few Brazilian municipalities have regulated the EIV. Finally, we present conclusions and suggestions for effectively implementing this instrument.