Соціалізація дітей дошкільного віку в умовах сучасних викликів

This article examines the features of preschoolers’ socialization in the context of the modern challenges posed by rapid social change and technological innovations. The importance of preschool age as a crucial period that lays the foundation for the formation of a child’s personality and their ability to adapt to social norms and values is emphasized. Key factors that determine the socialization process are identified, in particular, the impact of changes in the social environment that necessitate the formation of new adaptive skills in children, and the importance of parental role in upbringing. Attention is focused on modern children who actively interact with technology, significantly affecting their worldview, social orientations, and emotional development. New trends emerging under the influence of information technology and social change are significantly transforming traditional approaches to children’s socialization and changing the nature of their relationships with peers and adults. An important place in the article is occupied by the analysis of the role of traditional social institutions, in particular the family and educational establishments, in the process of socialization of children. It is noted that preschools not only provide basic knowledge but also play an important role in forming the emotional and social integration of children, contributing to their adaptation to the broader social context. In addition, the importance of the media space, in particular television and digital media, in the formation of social orientations in children is emphasized, which can have both a positive and negative influence on their perception of reality. Particular attention should be paid to the impact of crises, especially military events, on the emotional and social development of preschoolers. It is emphasized that evacuation, loss, and traumatic experiences can lead to serious adaptation problems, the development of anxiety disorders, and difficulties in socialization. It is noted that these factors significantly reduce children's ability to communicate effectively, cooperate with peers, and establish stable social ties in the team, complicating the process of children's integration into society.