ФАГОЦИТАРНА ТА БАКЕТРИЦИДНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЛЕЙКОЦИТІВ У ХВОРИХ НА ЛЕПТОСПІРОЗ

The goal of our research was the investigation of the immunological indicators levels that reflect the phagocytic and bactericidal activity of leukocytes in leptospirosis.Materials and methods. The blood samples of 62 patients with leptospirosis were examined. The cytological method was used for determination of the phagocytic indicator, the cytochemical method was used for determination the spontaneous and stimulated nitrosamine tetrazolium recovery test. Patients were examined twice: upon admission and 7 days later. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica software.Results. Analyzing the immunological data of the patients with leptospirosis, it was found that upon admission to the hospital in the group of the patients with severe course of the disease, the average value of the phagocytic indicator was significantly higher (4.38±0.67) compared to the group of patients with a mild and moderate course of the leptospirosis (2.79±0.53, p<0.05). This indicates a significantly higher functional ability of neutrophil granulocytes to phagocytosis upon admission of patients with a severe course of the disease. The degree of kidney damage in leptospirosis, and therefore the severity of the disease, is largely due to the decreasing in the bactericidal activity of leukocytes, which slows down the elimination of leptospira from the human body. This is evidenced by the medium-strength inverse correlation between the nitroblue tetrazolium spontaneous recovery test and blood creatinine (τ=-0.306) upon admission of the patients to the hospital. This fact has prognostic significance for predicting the development of severe leptospirosis.Conclusions. Data analysis shows that patients with leptospirosis have significant fluctuations in the phagocytic activity of leukocytes. Given the fact that the phagocytic index is a reflection of the absorbing ability of phagocytes, its activation in the initial stages of leptospirosis probably serves as a guarantee of successful elimination of the pathogen, and a further decrease with approach to normal may indicate stabilization of the innate immune system.