ТОПОГРАФО-АНАТОМІЧНЕ ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПОВЕРХНЕВИХ М’ЯЗІВ ЗАДНЬОЇ ГРУПИ ПЕРЕДПЛІЧЧЯ ДЛЯ МІОПЛАСТИКИ

In the treatment of wounded people with gunshot osteomyelitis, muscle plastic on the leg was widely used. Objective. To study the intramuscular distribution of nerves in the extensor digitorum, the extensor ulnaris, the extensor carpi ulnaris, and the extensor digiti minimi, which, in comparison with the intramuscular branching of arterial vessels, can determine rational methods of cutting flaps from these muscles. Material and methods. Clarification of the peculiarities of the intramuscular distribution of nerves and arteries in the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm was carried out on 42 preparations of human fetuses of 4-10 months using macromicroscopic preparation, injection of vessels, and morphometry. Results. The position, and shape of the belly of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle and a fairly long distal tendon, as well as the proximity of this muscle to the ulna, allow its use in plastic surgery, in particular, cutting through the thickness of the belly of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle long flaps with proximal peduncle to the middle of upper third of the forearm. In our opinion, to treat movement disorders with paralysis of the superficial flexor digitorum muscle, it is possible to move the excised flap from the belly of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle to the front surface of the forearm and move it to the nearest superficial digitorum flexor muscle. Conclusions. The obtained data on the intramuscular nerves and arteries of the extensor digitorum muscle and the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle indicate the presence of favorable conditions for cutting out of completely viable muscle flaps on the leg, which are well innervated and supplied with blood for plastic treatment of movement disorders and for filling residual bone cavities in chronic osteomyelitis. There is also a well-founded division of the extensor digitorum muscle into newly created «fingers» during Krukenberg’s forearm stump- splitting operation.