Причини насильства у закладах освіти: як війна змінює дитячу поведінку

The article investigates the causes of the increasing violence against children in educational institutions under martial law conditions. The study analyzes a complex set of factors contributing to the spread of violent manifestations among participants in the educational process, including personal, family, environmental, situational, and social factors. War creates significant socio-psychological challenges that affect children’s behavior, aggression levels, emotional state, and social adaptation. The educational environment in wartime undergoes destabilization, complicating the functioning of mechanisms for preventing violence and timely responding to its manifestations. Additionally, the role of teachers, school administration, and parents in creating a safe environment is considered. The research is based on a comprehensive approach that includes the analysis of scientific sources, statistical data, sociological surveys, and content analysis of materials on cases of violence in educational institutions. An interdisciplinary approach combining methods of law, sociology, and psychology is applied. Particular attention is paid to the impact of war on children’s emotional state, behavioral dynamics, and changes in the nature of social interactions in the school environment. The insufficiency of existing mechanisms for prevention and intervention in cases of violence, which leads to its further spread, is also examined. The research results indicate a significant deterioration in the safety situation of students in educational institutions due to increased social tension, disruption of traditional control mechanisms, psychological burden on teachers, and lack of effective strategies to support children in crisis conditions. The main trends in the changes in the structure of violence in educational institutions are outlined, and key mechanisms of its intensification under the influence of military events are highlighted. The combination of physical, psychological, and cyber violence, which takes on new forms due to the increased use of digital technologies during distance learning, is particularly dangerous. Thus, the article highlights the deep-rooted causes of the increase in violence in educational institutions during the war and proposes directions for improving prevention and intervention measures.