Права людини в Європейському союзі в умовах сьогодення

The article examines the state of realization and protection of human rights in the European Union in the face of modern global challenges. The focus of the EU’s basic legal acts, in particular the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The role of EU institutions in ensuring human rights, in particular the European Parliament, the European Commission and the Court of Justice, is considered. The impact of migration crisis, digitalization and armed conflicts on citizens’ rights and freedoms is analyzed. Issues related to discrimination, restriction of freedom of speech and interference with privacy are identified. Emphasis on the importance of cooperation between the EU and the European Court of Human Rights. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of monitoring and response to human rights violations in Member States. The article also discusses gender equality, minority rights and vulnerable groups. The conclusion was made on the need to strengthen the EU human rights policy in the context of the latest challenges. The article also analyzes the importance of balancing between security and human rights, especially in terrorist threats and emergencies. Issues in the context of the fight against terrorism, in particular in the aspects of migration control and access to personal data, are considered. The importance of the right to information and freedom of expression, especially in the conditions of digitalization, is emphasized, where the issues of confidentiality and censorship are becoming more relevant. The article also studies the impact of the internal policy of individual EU Member States on a pan-European human rights strategy. The issues of the rights of people with disabilities, the LGBT communities, as well as vulnerable groups, such as refugees and migrants, are raised in the context of human rights at the EU level. The tendencies in legislation concerning the fight against discrimination on the basis of race, religion and gender, as well as the impact of these laws on the general political situation in the European Union are further investigated. An analysis of the effectiveness of the EU policy in the protection of women’s rights, in particular in matters of violence, discrimination and providing equal opportunities. The issues of education, work and health care for socially vulnerable groups are considered separately. The article also emphasizes the need for constant improvement of mechanisms for monitoring human rights, in particular through the strengthening of institutions and procedures aimed at protecting the rights of citizens. The article is completed with recommendations for improving the EU legislation on human rights, in particular in the context of global challenges and new technologies, as well as emphasizing the importance of integration of human rights principles into the internal policy of Member States to ensure the unity and stability of the European Union.