Виділення земель під полігони відходів: правове регулювання

This article examines the national regulatory acts and international documents that define the legal regulation of land allocation for waste disposal sites and establish general requirements for their placement. The main ones are: The Law of Ukraine “On Waste Management”; National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030; “State Construction Standards. Design. Solid Waste Landfills”; the Procedure for Maintaining the State Land Cadastre; the Land Code of Ukraine; the Strategy for the Development of Agriculture and Rural Areas in Ukraine until 2030; Council Directive 1999/31/EC on Landfill. The relevance of this study is due to the lack of legislative definition and consolidation of land that can be provided for waste disposal sites. The proposed article identifies some problems in the field of waste management, its disposal and operation of solid waste landfills and outlines possible ways to eliminate them. The essence and meaning of the concepts of “garbage dump” and “landfill” are clarified. The author investigates which land plots of which categories can be provided for waste disposal sites. It is established that the mode of use of these lands depends on the mode of use of the territory and the zone into which the landfills are divided. It is clarified and established that land plots for waste disposal sites may belong to the municipal form of ownership. The author suggests considering the transfer of such land to private ownership in order to encourage legal entities and individuals to improve the sanitary, epidemiological and environmental conditions of their use during the operation of landfills, to comply with the terms of operation and the procedure for subsequent reclamation. It was found that business entities engaged in waste management and disposal need to obtain permits to conduct operations in this area. The author has developed regulatory legal acts that define land plots on which authorized solid waste landfills can be located on an exceptional basis at the bylaw level. The author considers the environmental aspect of waste accumulation of any origin, since the volume of waste generation is only increasing, which directly affects the environment, life and health of the population. It has been established that the problem of waste disposal is one of the largest environmental problems, which is much more significant in terms of resources. There is an important task to apply and introduce the latest technologies for the utilization and recycling of waste of various origins and to reduce the number and volume of areas where their authorized and unauthorized disposal takes place.