Una alternativa en el estudio de la estructura del TDAH en jóvenes: El modelo bifactor S-1

The symmetrical bifactor model has been routinely applied in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the model has in some cases shown anomalous results. An alternative approach has been the S-1 bifactor model, which may be more appropriate when assessing the hierarchical structure of ADHD symptomatological manifestations. For this reason, the main aim was to test the S-1 bifactor model in the general paediatric population and to assess the conditions under which its use would be appropriate, in comparison with the symmetrical model. For this purpose, the scores obtained in the scale constructed ad hoc from the 18 symptoms of ADHD proposed by the DSM-5, completed by parents and teachers of 871 children, where 465 (53%) were boys, aged between five and fourteen years (M = 8.95; SD = 2.51), were applied to both models. In terms of results, the symmetrical bifactor model despite an adequate fit showed an anomalous response in the scores given by parents, where two of the six standardised loadings on the specific factor HIP were negative. In contrast, the bifactor model S-1 with ADHD-HIP symptoms, as a general reference factor, showed results clearly more interpretable to the latent reality of the disorder. In conclusion, instead of defining a general factor as a factor common to all dimensions, the S-1 approach would contrast differently with the S-1 approach