Therapeutic progress of non-ionizing radiation in preventing endothelial proliferation of arteriovenous fistulas

Autogenous arteriovenous fistula is currently one of the most commonly used vascular accesses for hemodialysis. However， with the increasing age and disease duration of dialysis patients， vascular accesses often experience complications like lumen stenosis， thrombosis， and aneurysmal dilation， which can affect treatment outcomes. The application of non-ionizing radiation in medicine aims to suppress the neointimal hyperplasia in AVFs， thereby preventing AVF stenosis. This article mainly discussed the therapeutic progress of non-ionizing radiation in preventing neointimal hyperplasia in AVFs.