Spruce Budworm in the Acadian Forest - Ecology and Management

The ecology and outbreak history of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is reviewed in the context of the Acadian spruce-fir forest of Maine. The life cycle and outbreak history are reviewed. Susceptibility and vulnerability patterns are described for the major budworm hosts (Picea spp., Abies balsamea). The effect of cyclic budworm outbreaks on forest development and wood supply is discussed. Management strategies to minimize budworm damage are reviewed. Budworm must be managed between outbreaks by reducing fir abundance.