Sono insuficiente na infância: impactos no desenvolvimento neurológico e comportamental

Introduction: Insufficient sleep in childhood can negatively influence children's development. Objective: To investigate the impact of sleep deprivation on child development, analyzing the effects on cognition, behavior and mental health, with a focus on interventions that can promote healthy sleep habits. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PICO strategy, searching databases such as the Virtual Health Library (VHL), the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Embase. The inclusion criteria considered observational studies published between 2019 and 2024. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: Five studies were included, revealing a consistent association between insufficient sleep and negative impacts on child development, including increased risk of obesity, learning difficulties and increased caregiver stress. The findings indicate that both sleep duration and quality play a crucial role in child development, with some studies highlighting the importance of sleep schedule and others emphasizing behavioral effects. Conclusion: Sleep deprivation in childhood is a determining factor for neurological and behavioral development. Despite the methodological limitations of the studies, such as the predominance of observational designs, the results reinforce the need for interventions to improve the quality of children's sleep.