Modular Open-Source Photovoltaic-Powered DC Nanogrid for Application-Specific Designs

Decreasing cost of green energy producing solar panels has significantly boosted their popularity. Despite this, the power electronics associated with PV systems remain closed-source, expensive, and not easily compatible or expandable. This limits accessibility, especially for low-power applications. This research addresses these issues by adopting and analyzing DC nanogrid technology, converting it into a modular, open-source hardware system that users can easily assemble and expand. Detailed small signal analysis of the DC nanogrid was conducted, followed by the design of controllers and an effective energy management system. The system's stability was also thoroughly analyzed. Subsequently, hardware was developed and tested to ensure adaptability and modularity. The resulting system offers higher efficiency by serving most loads in DC, eliminating the need for AC conversion and concomitant conversion losses. This technology is particularly suitable for applications in ambulances, mini clinics, tents, expedition vehicles, houses, and camps where grid power is unreliable or unavailable.