Las novelas de formación de temática homosexual. Conformación de criterios literarios desde tres novelas colombianas

The Bildungsroman or didactic novels have played a pedagogical, social and personal role through the fictionalization of human development. In these novels, the central character goes through an inner and outer journey in which he faces the trials of society until he reaches adulthood. In other types of formative novels, which can be classified as didactic novels with a homosexual theme (NFTH), the journey is crueller and is marked by humiliations, social crushing and denial. To study this phenomenon, an analysis of three Colombian novels was carried out with the objective of proposing literary criteria for homosexual-themed formative novels. International, Latin American and Colombian works were examined to detect characteristics of themes, characters and narrative purposes. Macro-categories were elaborated and then a hermeneutic analysis method was applied to the corpus of analysis constituted by Un besode Dickby Fernando Molano Vargas, Los hombres no van juntos al cine by Manuel Valdivieso and Ruega por nosotros by Alfonso Carvajal. Finally, five criteria that characterize the formative novels with a homosexual theme were formed: 1) the NFTH as an element of study of a country; 2) vigor of homoeroticism and corporeality; 3) spiritual commotion of the protagonist; 4) presence of insult and, finally, 5) subalternity in the canon.Our contribution aims to favor flexibility in the study of literature, to search for critical paradigms and to learn to work with novel proposals in the field of pedagogical reading