Las concesiones 5G como instrumento para la reactivación del sistema ferroviario en Colombia mediante el esquema de asociaciones público-privadas

Since the 1990s, the concession model has been central to the development of transportation infrastructure in Colombia. The first three generations of road concessions were initially implemented with the aim of promoting the highway mode of transport. Later, the fourth-generation (4G) concessions introduced the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model, which led to unprecedented progress, even though the focus remained on roads. In this context, this paper analyzes the innovative 5G concessions, which expand the scope of PPPs to systems beyond highways—such as the railway sector