Impacto de las aranceles y políticas comerciales en el desarrollo económico del sector textil del Ecuador: Un análisis comparativo

This article analyzes the impact of tariffs and trade policies on the economic development of the Ecuadorian textile sector, focusing on cotton textiles during the period 2019-2023. The main problem lies in the disparate effects of trade liberalization, which has favored certain importing sectors while others, such as the textile industry, face significant challenges due to competition from low-cost imported products from Asia. The methodology used was descriptive, with a quantitative approach based on the analysis of statistical data, review of academic sources and consultation of government databases. The findings show fluctuations in imports, with significant increases in volume and value in recent years, but with a negative impact on the competitiveness of local producers. Challenges related to technological modernization and adaptation to changes in international trade policies are also identified. This study highlights the need to design comprehensive strategies that combine tariff measures and industrial promotion policies to strengthen the competitiveness of the sector. It also emphasizes the importance of adjusting trade policies to the realities of the global market, promoting innovation and ensuring the sustainable development of the textile sector in Ecuador.