Hacinamiento carcelario: Impacto en la salud, abusos y regulaciones

Prisons in Latin America face problems of overcrowding and precarious conditions, to which is added the spread of Covid-19 that aggravated this situation, generating a high risk of contagion among inmates. Hence, this article is presented aimed at developing a systematic review that highlights the severity of prison overcrowding and its impacts on the health and dignity of prisoners, with greater emphasis on Peru, Latin America and Europe specifically, for which used a methodology from the PRISMA protocol, which allowed the generation of a structured and rigorous framework in the location of existing literature on this topic, establishing a search period between the years 2019 and 2022, so that it could be involved with the appearance of the pandemic by Covid-19, together with the inclusion criterion related to the context of Peru or countries in Latin America and Europe, and as a reason for exclusion non-compliance with the period or context outlined. After the analysis, it is highlighted that overcrowding and lack of trained personnel are serious problems in many prison systems, resulting in human rights violations and detainees without conviction, so that effective public management can address these structural problems with appropriate policies. and resources, based on data and solid evidence directed towards respect for human rights, in compliance with international standards. Regarding human rights and prison conditions, the benefit that would bring emphasis to these needs is concluded, understanding that solutions must be adapted to local circumstances and the cultural, legal and economic context of each country.