The guardians’ perspective of emergency care environment for children with autism

Background: This literature review present the guardians point of view regarding their visit in the emergency care with their children with autism (ASD). ASD affects cognitive functions, including information processed and interpretated by the brain, and may be influenced by genetic factors and prenatal conditions. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical, with symptoms becoming more evident during childhood. Aim: The aim of this study was to get insights on the guardians’ perspectives of emergency care environment for children with autism. Method: The method used in this study was a literature review, where both qualitative and quantitative articles published in scientific journals were selected. Results: The guardians reported that the sensory stimuli in the emergency department environment caused difficulties for their children. Nurses can reduce stress by adjusting the environment, such as providing private rooms and reducing lighting or noise. Additionally, distractions like TVs, books, games, and toys were highly valued by caregivers as a mean of easing the hospital experience. Long waiting times in the emergency department subjected children with ASD to extra sensory stimuli, worsened their distress. The satisfaction of caregivers was linked to the ability of the nurse to communicate effectively with both the caregivers and the child. Proper training for the nurses in ASD was seen as essential for improving communication and reducing barriers in care. Conclusion: Care for children with ASD should be customized to child- and family centered care, with improved environment, increased competence, and communication to enhance the experience.