Gendered Analysis of the Economic Impact of Adoption of Multiple Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices in Nigeria

Climate change significantly threatens Nigeria's food security and agricultural livelihoods. This study estimated the economic impact of the adoption of multiple climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices in Nigeria through a gender lens and evaluated the impact on farmers' net income. Data for the study was sourced from the Nigeria Generalized Household Survey Panel data collected from 2011 to 2016. A two-stage endogenous switching regression model was used to analyse CSA adoption and farm income data. The findings reveal widespread adoption of diverse CSA packages, with mixed cropping and improved seed use being the most common (23.52%). The study established a positive association between CSA adoption and net farm income, adopting four CSA practices (I0M1V1F1O1) increased the farmers’ income gain to 9,743.90 thousand Naira per hectare. However, a concerning gender gap emerged, adopting a combination of I0M1V1F1O1 saw a net income gain of 32,617.74 thousand Naira per hectare for the male farmers, while females saw a loss of 42.153 thousand Naira per hectare in adopting same, indicating a gender gap in economic benefits. This disparity highlights the need for interventions that address gender inequality in resource access and decision-making power.