Från 1970-talsvilla till passivhus: Energianvändning, teknologisk utveckling och renoveringskostnader : En jämförande analys av energiprestanda och teknologisk utveckling i villor

Purpose: This study examines how modern energy efficient building techniques outperform older 1970s Swedish villas in energy use and evaluates the cost of upgrading older homes to meet current standards.Method: Two 117 𝑚2 models were simulated using IDA ICE software, a 1970s villa and a bronze certified passive house. A retrofit plan for the villa added insulation, triple glazed windows, and a heat recovery system, with costs and energy savings analyzed. Results: The passive house used less heating energy than the villa. Retrofitting the villa reduced its energy use to comply with Swedish building codes, but the upgrades cost 145 575 SEK with a 56 year payback period due to modest annual savings.Conclusions: While passive houses achieve energy efficiency, retrofitting older homes is costly and slow to break even. Financial incentives or policy support are critical to making energy efficient renovations viable for homeowners, ensuring broader adoption of sustainable building practices.