Evaluación del confort térmico exterior en kampungs urbanos de alta densidad en Tamansari, Bandung: un estudio de simulación del microclima

Urban kampungs, characterized by dense, organically developed settlements, present unique challenges in outdoor thermal comfort. This study investigates how key physical variables—building arrangement, surface materials, and vegetation—impact the microclimate of outdoor spaces in Tamansari, Bandung, using ENVI-met 4 simulations. The findings reveal that material reflectivity significantly influences air temperature, with lower-albedo paving proving more effective in reducing heat accumulation. Compact building arrangements with a high height-to-width ratio provide essential shading, mitigating heat stress, while strategically placed vegetation enhances shading and wind flow, contributing to improved thermal comfort. These insights offer valuable guidelines for architects and urban planners designing climate-responsive, high-density urban environments. The study underscores the importance of integrating passive cooling strategies to improve outdoor livability in urban kampungs, especially in tropical climates.