Evaluation of the anti-diabetic effects of Commelina diffusa on testicular tissue of male Wistar rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic illness defined by elevated blood sugar levels caused by insulin deficit or resistance, as well as structural and functional problems in several organs. Aim and Objectives: This study assesses the efficacy of Commelina diffusa Extract (CDE) on the reproductive functions of diabetic male Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Thirty mature male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups of five rats each. Group 1: Normal control + STZ + 600 mg/kg CDE; Group 5: HFD + STZ + 1200 mg/kg CDE. All treatments were carried out for 21 days. On the 22 day of the experiment, after an overnight fast, the experimental rats were sacrificed via cervical dislocation, and the testicular tissues were collected for biochemical, hormonal, and semen quality examination. The study found a substantial drop (p < 0.05) in antioxidant activity, male sex hormones, and sperm quality. Treatment with CDE significantly repaired the damage caused by diabetes. Conclusion: CDE is efficient in reducing oxidative stress, increasing antioxidant defense, improving reproductive hormone balance, and preserving male reproductive health in the face of poor metabolic circumstances.