Evaluation of histopathological changes of tricyclazole toxin on brain tissue iaEvaluation of Histopathological Changes of Tricyclazole Toxin on Brain Tissue in Wistar Ratss

Background & aim: Human food sources are always threatened by countless harmful factors, including residues of toxins and pesticides used in agriculture; in the meantime, the systemic fungicide Tricyclazole (TCZ) has received much attention due to its cytotoxic effects.Hence, the purpose of the present study was to determine and evaluate the histopathological changes of tricyclazole toxin on brain tissue in Wistar rats. Methods: The present experimental study conducted in 2022 which lasted for 28 days to qualitatively examine pathological lesions and quantitatively count brain neurons, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight, including: a control group,and groups receiving toxin orally at doses of (A) 50, (B) 37.5, and (C) 25 (mg/kg body weight). After sampling the brain tissue, the slides were examined with Nissl and hematoxylin-eosin staining and then the data were analyzed using SPSS-26 statistical software, followed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results: Investigations carried out in the groups receiving the poison indicated pathological lesions, including necrosis of neurons and an increase in microglia cells in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, followed by the results of cell counting indicating a significant decrease in the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex A (157/20 ± 4/68), B(167/20 ± 4/94) and C (186/60 ± 5/46) and different hippocampus areas (CA1-4, DG) in all groups compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that the antifungal combination of tricyclazole caused damage and pathological death of neurons in the cerebral cortex and different areas of the hippocampus and decreased the number of cells in these areas; that the severity of the lesions was directly related to increasing the dose.