Chemical mutagenesis in breeding Grossularia reclinata Mill.

The possibility of using nitrosomethylurea (NMU) and nitrozoethylurea (NEU) in the selection of gooseberrys was studied. It was found that NEU solutions have higher mutability as compared to the NMU solution. The 0,5% and 1% solutions of NMU and NEU are considered to be the sublethal and lethal doses, respectively. A greater percentage of the development of the mutant forms with economically valuable traits was observed during processing of the apical buds of plants with 0,01% solutions of NEU and of NMU with an exposure time of 12 hours. More mutability in gooseberries are characterized by varieties Pink 2 (14,88%), malachite (13,66%), Northern captain (11,92%), less – Spring (2,63%) and Masheka (0,63%). A fund with 60 types of gooseberry with different forms of morphosis and mutations was developed. The following number of cultivars surpassing the original parent varieties for complex traits were selected: 12 types of gooseberry.