Bilateral Relationships in Live Streaming: A Power-Dependence Perspective

Live streaming services are an important part of today’s entertainment industry. This paper applies power dependence theory to investigate the bilateral relationship between streamers and viewers, focusing on both asymmetric and joint dependence, and examines its influence on tipping behavior. Additionally, the paper examines how those in disadvantaged positions attempt to restructure power dynamics. Using data from a large Chinese live streaming platform over a two-week period, the findings suggest that viewers in a relatively advantageous position tend to tip less. Conversely, an increase in joint dependence generally leads to higher tipping by viewers. To address power imbalances, streamers may reduce their dependency by decreasing their streaming frequency and forming alliances, while viewers might cut back on their viewing time. This study provides insights into power dynamics, streamer-viewer interactions, and tipping behavior on live streaming platforms.