Сутність та особливості формування кредитного потенціалу банківської установи

Banking institutions play one of the most important roles in development of the country’s financial system and the national economy as a whole. That is why formation of their resource potential for lending and investment activities is an important condition for development of these institutions in current environment. In countries with underdeveloped stock markets, it is particularly important to ensure that commercial banks have financial capacity to carry out lending activities. This method is becoming that most affordable for economic entities in terms of their liability to attract necessary borrowed resources in short term for their own development, start a new business, and support their operative activities. The outlined above determines relevance of conducting research on the essence of credit potential of the banking institution and features of its formation. In the article, the essence of categories “potential”, “economic potential”, “financial potential” is determined, which allowed to clarify their ontological relationship and to allocate substantive features of these categories. Subsequently, this made it possible to substantiate the role of the potential of the banking institution in shaping the country’s economic potential. The study also allowed us to identify the structure of financial potential of the banking institution and to distinguish the following components with it: resource, investment and credit potentials. The detailed consideration of scientific approaches to understanding the essence of the category “credit potential of the banking institution” allowed the author to propose the author’s approach to its understanding: credit potential of the banking institution in the amount of own, borrowed and attracted resources of the banking institution that it can direct to provide credit services to various types of economic entities, subject to compliance with current legislation, ensuring efficiency and maximizing profits. In the article, substantive features of its formation in modern conditions are also considered, taking into account a detailed analysis of the proposed approach to consideration of the essence of this type of potential. It is substantiated that an important role in formation of credit potential of the banking institution is played not only by its internal capabilities to attract financial resources and direct them to lending activities, but also by existing legislative restrictions on these activities.