ЯКІСТЬ ВОДИ РІЧКИ ГНІЗНИ ТА ЇЇ ПРИТОК НАВЕСНІ 2025 РОКУ

The publication on water quality in the Hnizna River basin draws attention to the problems of the main river and its tributaries functioning in the context of excessive anthropogenic impact and the changes caused by it, as well as climate change in the early twenty-first century. Excessive ploughing of the river basin has led to a reduction in groundwater reserves, which is reflected in the low water content of the rivers. The nature of the hydrological regime of rivers, due to the combined effect of natural and anthropogenic factors, is of concern during low flow periods, which certainly affects the sustainability of hydroecosystems. The absence of designated water protection zones within settlements contributes to the ingress of not only pollutants but also household waste into the riverbed, which affects water quality. The quality of water in the main river is affected by the discharge of untreated and insufficiently treated wastewater by the municipal enterprises of the urban settlements of Zbarazh, Velyki Bierky, and Terebovlia. At the discharge points, we observe a sharp deterioration in water quality. Attention is drawn to the lack of water protection zones within the settlements, orderly waste storage sites, and rainwater drainage within urban areas, which certainly affects the water quality of local rivers. Regarding the water analyses carried out, it should be emphasised that they vary within the main tributaries. points of untreated and insufficiently treated municipal wastewater. The results of water analysis of the Hnizna River in the village of Krovinka and near the Terebovlia bus station, conducted at the Research Biochemical Laboratory of TNPU, demonstrate water contamination with metals. The lowest water quality indicators for six parameters are observed at the source of the Synyava River, and this is a natural phenomenon, since the river is low in water at its source, and not all water protection zones are designated within the village of Synyava. There are polluting objects in the riverbed (Fig. 2B). The Vilkhovets River flows through the settlement between the carriageway and the sidewalk, with no tree and shrub vegetation on the banks, and in this environment the river is open to anthropogenic interference (Fig. 2A). The Stryivka river basin is predominantly surrounded by arable land (Fig. 2B). Keywords: tributaries of the Hniznya River, water quality, geo-environmental problems, water protection zones.