Перспективні шляхи розвитку аграрного виробництва на радіоактивно забруднених територіях Українського Полісся

In the conditions of temporary occupation of territories in the south and east of Ukraine and climate change, the issue of development and expansion of agricultural production in the Polissia zone, including radioactively contaminated territories, arises. In the distant period after the Chernobyl accident, these territories are considered as potentially possible for return to agriculture, but at the same time require scientific justification of the use of land, soil, water and biological resources for the production of environmentally safe products. The current issues of «green» optimization of agricultural production are considered, which is a comprehensive approach aimed at restoring soil productivity and reducing radioactive contamination of products. The key role of state support is determined, which is an important factor in the successful implementation of measures in the field of «green» optimization of agricultural production. The specifics of the current state of radioactively contaminated territories of Ukrainian Polissia and their role for agricultural and environmental policy are substantiated. It was determined that as a result of the Chernobyl accident, these lands lost their productivity and became a source of danger to the environment and public health. Modern approaches to «green» optimization of agricultural production were analyzed, which open up prospects for the restoration of the use of these lands. The calculation of permissible levels of soil contamination with Cs137 for growing various zoned varieties of vegetable plants using innovative agricultural technologies was carried out. The effectiveness of combining various methods to achieve sustainable results in the rehabilitation of land resources was substantiated. The concept of «green» optimization was studied as an integration of environmental and technological innovations, in particular phytoremediation, the use of sorbents to reduce the mobility of radionuclides, the selection of crops with low accumulation of radioactive elements, and the adaptation of modern agricultural technologies. The need for the formation of a targeted state policy to support land rehabilitation and stimulate agricultural production in the area of radioactive contamination was proven. The need to restore agricultural production on these lands without harming the environment and human health has been identified in order to guarantee food security and economic development of the Polissia regions.