Забезпечення фінансової безпеки банківських установ в Україні в умовах макроекономічної нестабільності ....

The article presents the interpretation of the concept of financial security of banking institutions by leading domestic scientists and provides the author's definition of the term. The essence and components of the financial security of banks are highlighted, namely: capitalization and capital adequacy; asset quality and credit risk management; liquidity and liquidity management; profitability and efficiency of activity; operational stability and cybersecurity. The relationship between the economic categories of macroeconomic stability and financial security of banks is revealed, their influence on each other within the banking system of Ukraine is graphically depicted. The basic foundations of the formation of a block system for protecting banking institutions in conditions of macroeconomic instability are outlined. The main macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine are determined, namely: gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, exchange rate, unemployment rate, deficit/surplus of the State Budget, external debt, the volume of imports of goods and services and money supply (M3 aggregate) are presented and their brief analysis for the period 2019-2023 is presented. The negative reasons for the impact of macroeconomic indicators on banking institutions are described, such as: increased credit risks and problem debt; decreased profitability and profitability; deterioration of liquidity and outflow of deposits; increased currency risks and their negative impact on the capital of the 2nd and 3rd levels. The list of regulatory measures taken by the NBU in response to macroeconomic challenges, which are designed to protect banking institutions, is considered, in particular: monetary policy, which includes inflation targeting, adjustment of the key interest rate, open market operations and exchange rate regulation; banking regulation and supervision, which includes licensing and regulation of bank activities, regulation of lending, management of problem assets; financial market regulation, which includes the development of financial infrastructure; international cooperation, which includes cooperation with international financial organizations. The approach to the formation and implementation of a strategy for ensuring financial security by banks in conditions of macroeconomic instability is graphically presented. Appropriate measures to strengthen financial security by banking institutions themselves have been systematized.