Криміналістична версія: організація та планування розслідування

It is indicated, as the practice of investigating criminal offenses shows, that it consists in knowing the events of the past, that is, establishing all the essential circumstances that have legal significance and are included in the subject of evidence. Knowing the truth in the events of the past is based on the law of the relationship of phenomena and on the theory of reflection. The article examines the role of forensic versions in the system of planning and investigation of criminal offenses. The dialectical relationship between planning and organization of the investigation is revealed: planning determines the program of actions, while organization ensures the practical implementation of the planned. Special attention is paid to the fact that the organization of the investigation, especially at the initial stage, can precede planning, creating the necessary information base for building forensic versions. The author considers planning as a complex mental process aimed at determining the directions and tasks of the investigation, ways and means of achieving them with the rational use of time and resources. Among the key planning tasks are: establishing optimal investigation methods, ensuring objectivity and comprehensiveness, implementing forensic recommendations taking into account the specifics of each proceeding, organizing effective interaction with other bodies and the public. The article identifies different levels of planning: from the investigator’s calendar work plan to planning individual procedural actions, tactical operations and stages of the investigation. The main stages of planning at each level are analyzed in detail: determining the general direction of action and building versions, highlighting the circumstances to be established, determining the means of establishing these circumstances, appointing executors and deadlines. The practical aspects of planning are considered, in particular the forms of plans (written and oral), their structural elements and supporting documentation. It is emphasized that although the CPC does not oblige the subject of the investigation to carry out planning, departmental regulatory legal acts and forensic recommendations emphasize its importance for increasing the efficiency of the investigation.