Оцінка ефективності сучасних технологій зниження викидів парникових газів на промислових підприємствах України

The object of this research is the problem of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which are one of the main factors of global climate change, which necessitates the creation and implementation of innovative technologies for their reduction. Greenhouse gas emissions have been found to significantly affect ecological and socio-economic systems, creating a number of challenges, such as increased risk of natural disasters, deterioration of public health and increased mortality. This causes significant economic, environmental and social losses. Leading approaches to reducing GHG emissions are analyzed, including carbon capture and storage (CCS), use of renewable energy sources (RES), energy efficiency developments, and biotechnologies for waste reuse. The advantages and limitations of these technologies are studied, as well as their potential for adaptation to the conditions of industrial enterprises of Ukraine. The importance of CCS for reducing emissions at large industrial facilities, such as power plants and cement plants. is assessed, and the important role of RES in reducing dependence on fossil fuels is determined fuel and increasing energy efficiency. The expediency of applying a comprehensive approach to the implementation of these technologies, which covers the improvement of the regulatory and legal framework, the attraction of investments in environmental protection projects, the implementation of international experience and the creation of climate funds to finance the most effective solutions, is substantiated. A new computational mathematical model is proposed, which takes into account the factors of saving resources, reducing costs for environmental protection and obtaining profits from trading carbon quotas. A three-level mechanism for the implementation of measures to reduce GHG emissions is proposed, which includes the development of regional emission reduction strategies, the implementation of programs at the local level, and the creation of centers of environmental and climate culture to coordinate actions between stakeholders. The prospects for the application of innovative technologies in Ukrainian industry as an effective tool for achieving climate goals, reducing the negative impact on ecosystems, and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises have been assessed.