Особливості доказової діяльності під час досудового розслідування терористичних кримінальних правопорушень

This article focuses on examining the pressing challenges in countering terrorist criminal offenses in Ukraine, shedding light on the complex issues related to interagency cooperation and the evidentiary process. Particular emphasis is placed on analyzing the legal and organizational frameworks for combating terrorism, particularly the role of the Security Service of Ukraine (SSU) as a pivotal entity in countering terrorist threats. In the context of contemporary geopolitical challenges, including hybrid warfare and the intensified activities of radical groups, the effectiveness of counter-terrorism measures assumes paramount importance. The article delves into the systemic problems encountered during the pre-trial investigation of terrorist acts. These include the divergence between operational objectives and the exigencies of pre-trial investigations, often leading to insufficient evidence collection. Additionally, the study analyzes the problem of inadequate communication between operational units and investigative-operational teams, which hinders the timely exchange of information and the procedural consolidation of evidence. The prioritization of operational tasks over procedural requirements, resulting in the loss of crucial evidence and impeding the formation of indictments, is also critically examined. The research incorporates an analysis of international standards and practices in counter-terrorism, identifying potential avenues for enhancing the national system. Furthermore, the article dedicates significant attention to the specifics of evidentiary procedures in cases involving terrorist acts, particularly those involving the use of explosive devices. It explores issues of interagency collaboration, the involvement of specialized experts, and the protocols for neutralizing and disposing of explosive devices. The intricacies of conducting investigative actions and forensic examinations necessary for evidentiary purposes are analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on ensuring the proper documentation of evidence and adherence to procedural norms during special operations. To address the identified challenges, the article proposes optimizing coordination between the SSU and other law enforcement and state agencies, improving interagency cooperation and evidence collection protocols, and enhancing Ukraine’s counter-terrorism framework in light of current geopolitical realities and the specific characteristics of terrorist criminal offenses. The development of clear interaction algorithms between operational and investigative units, as well as the implementation of advanced technologies for evidence collection and analysis, are recommended.