Towards Sustainable Development: Synthesizing Optimal Integrated Peer-to-Peer Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs) with Blockchain Technology

The seamless integration of material and energy resources across industrial processes is imperative to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). A critical challenge lies in ensuring transparency and accountability in resource exchange while identifying conversion processes that collectively synergize raw materials and energy resources into value-added products. This paper introduces a framework designed to synthesize optimal integrated blockchain-based peer-to-peer Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs), addressing this crucial requirement. To uphold data privacy and traceability standards, the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is intricately integrated with smart contracts on a blockchain platform, facilitating transparent resource integration. A novel and versatile problem representation enhances transparency for any process during its interaction with resource lines, enabling the seamless tracking of material and energy resources. The model effectively determines the acquisition and sale of material and energy resources by each module. This proposed framework not only equips decision-makers and regulatory agencies with a powerful tool to comprehend the intricate interactions among diverse modules transparently but also aids in formulating new policies and adhering to regulations through the utilization of smart contracts and blockchain technology's (BC) inherent characteristics.