Prevalence and Correlators of Anxiety and Depression in Premature Coronary Artery Disease

Cangtuo Li,1 Qiqi Hou,2 Quanle Han,3 Yuan Zhang,3 Jie Yu,3 Jianmei Wu,4 Hui Yang,5 Nan Wang,6 Jiawei Zhang,7 Kangbo Li8 1Department of Intervention, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 2Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Psychology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 6Catheterization Unit, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kailuan Tangjiazhuang Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 8School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Quanle Han, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, No. 27, Wenhua Road, Lubei District, Tangshan, 063000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: The present study assessed the correlation between anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients and Methods: This study included 313 patients diagnosed with premature CAD at the Department of Cardiology between January and July 2023. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale (SAS/SDS) was used as a standardized scale to assess mental health symptoms. A binary logistic regression model (backward) was used to analyze the correlation between anxiety and depression in premature CAD.Results: Anxiety was observed in 154 persons with a prevalence of 49.20%, with a median SAS score of 53.0 (52.00– 54.00). Depression was observed in 91 patients, with a prevalence of 29.07%, with a median SDS score was 55.00 (54.00– 57.00). A total of 63 (20.13%) patients had comorbid anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety was positively associated with severe coronary artery stenosis, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, and snoring. However, it is negatively associated with high-income levels. Depression was positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring. However, it was negatively associated with SBP. Comorbid anxiety and depression were positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring.Conclusion: For the first time, we investigated the prevalence and correlators of anxiety and depression in premature CAD. Therefore, the correlators of emotional status should be routinely evaluated in both primary and specialized care services.Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, premature coronary artery disease, anxiety, depression