Converting cottonseed meal to bioproducts

This thesis explores the repurposing of cottonseed protein isolate (CPI) extracted from cottonseed meal (CSM) as a functional additive to enhance aerogel formation. Specifically, we investigate the aerogel formation of borax-crosslinked guar gum (GG)/CPI composite hydrogels via freeze-drying. In contrast, the incorporation of CPI improved aerogel formation, resulting in a smooth surface, reduced shrinkage, and a homogeneous, porous structure. Notably, pristine CPI maintained a flake-like morphology, whereas alkali-treated CPI contributed to micropore formation due to its increased interactions with GG. The improved aerogel formation was attributed to CPI disrupting guar gum crosslinking, contributing to a looser network. Additionally, the presence of CPI enhanced the dye adsorption capacity, attributed to its functional groups and the improved porous network. These findings demonstrate the potential of CPI as an effective additive for aerogel fabrication, offering new possibilities for developing sustainable and functional porous materials.