Ресоціалізація правопорушників: міжнародний досвід

The article examines the role of resocialization as a key tool of modern criminological policy aimed at reducing recidivism and ensuring public safety of the state. Punishment, in addition to its punitive function, should protect society by reintegrating offenders through socio-legal, economic and psychological mechanisms. However, social stigmatization and the lack of effectiveness of programs complicate this process, increasing the risk of recidivism. The purpose of the study is to analyze international legislation on the application of resocialization to offenders and its implementation in Ukrainian legislation. The author emphasizes the need for cooperation between government agencies, civil society, business and the media in creating conditions for the effective reintegration of persons released from prison. The study summarizes international experience of resocialization in such countries as: Germany, Lithuania, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada, etc. Successful practices of implementing social adaptation infrastructure, including reintegration centers, training programs, employment support, overcoming addictions and developing life skills are considered. The author draws attention to the peculiarities of applying the stages of resocialization during the serving of sentence and after release. The author analyzes the legal framework for resocialization in Ukraine, in particular, the role of the Criminal Executive Code, the Law “On Probation” and legislation in the field of employment. The author states that despite the existing guarantees, the practical implementation of resocialization programs in Ukraine faces a number of difficulties, including limited funding and the lack of effective special programs. However, in order to develop resocialization programs adapted to today’s realities, as well as to increase the role of probation authorities and social adaptation centers in accompanying offenders (released from prison), there is a need to implement international experience (international practices).