ДИНАМІКА СЕЗОННОЇ ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ ПОВІТРЯ В ОДЕСЬКОМУ РЕГІОНІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ КЛІМАТИЧНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ

Problem Statement and Purpose. The widespread use of air temperature data for scientific and practical purposes requires climatologists to study various indicators that allow for the assessment of the temperature regime characteristics of any geographic region or specific location. The aim of this article is to analyze the regional transformations of specific temperature regime indicators in the Odesa region, which is a leading highly developed industrial and agricultural region of Ukraine. Data & Methods. In line with the stated objective, the scientific study employs standard statistical methods for evaluating empirical data, followed by their spatialtemporal generalization across the studied territory. The subject of the research consists of the series of average monthly air temperatures at the Odesa station for the period 1901-2023, provided by the Hydrometeorological Center of the Black and Azov Seas under a scientific cooperation program, as well as observational data on the average daily air temperature at the Lyubashivka station for the period 2013-2023, and standard norms of individual temperature indicators from the Climatic Cadastre of Ukraine for the period 1961-1990. Tabular and graphical analyses were used to present the results. Results. At stations in the Odesa region located approximately 200 km apart (Odesa and Liubashivka), over a period of more than 100 years, January has remained the coldest month of the year, with an increase in the average monthly air temperature: at the St. Liubashivka, the temperature of the coldest month of the year (compared to the climatic norm of 1961–1990) increased by 2.4°C, while at the St. Odesa, it rose by 1.5°C. From 1901 to 2010, July was the warmest month of the year; however, during the period 2013-2023, this shifted to August, with an increase in the average monthly maximum temperature (compared to the climatic norm of the warmest month of the year): by 2.9°C at the Odesa station and by 2.2°C at the Liubashivka station. At the stations under consideration, all four seasons during 2013-2023 were warmer compared to the climatic norm. At the southern station, winter became warmer by 2.0°C, spring by 1.9°C, autumn by 1.2°C, and summer became hotter by 2.7°C. At the northern station, the seasonal temperature increases were as follows: winter by 2.6°C, spring by 1.5°C, autumn by 1.3°C, and summer by 2.3°C. At the beginning of the 21st century, temperature contrasts between the northern and southern parts of the region have intensified. This necessitates the separate examination of these two areas when studying natural factors to identify regional transformations in the temperature regime during the period of secondary global warming.