ДИСКУРС ЯК ІНТЕРДИСЦИПЛІНАРНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН: КОМУНІКАТИВНИЙ, КОГНІТИВНИЙ, КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНИЙ, ДИДАКТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТИ: Кравцова Ю. В., Леута О. І., Леміш Н. Є., Титаренко О. Ю.

The article deals with the problem of discourse as an interdisciplinary phenomenon, since this concept has recently spread in many humanitarian scientific disciplines – philosophy, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, pedagogy, literary studies, linguistics, etc. It testifies to the general tendency for integration processes in modern science. The state of discourse studies in communicative, cognitive, cultural, and didactic aspects is analysed. Its main scientific interpretations and characteristic categorical features are described. Discourse is a type and product of human activity, so it is understood as a cognitive-communicative mechanism. It is considered as a process and result of mental-speech activity of native speakers, a reflection of their individual worldviews, containing both subjective and objective (national) peculiarities. The most investigated discourse is in the communicative aspect, since it is first and foremost a lingual phenomenon, a tool of interpersonal, group, mass, and intercultural communication. The study of discourse in the cognitive aspect was intensified only in the early 21st century. The study of discourse in cultural and didactic aspects has not yet been active, although such views on this phenomenon are extremely important because discourse reflects the national specificity of a particular culture and is an important tool for learning languages. It is proved that the concept of discourse, which has recently become widespread in many humanities and has become interdisciplinary, despite a significant number of works in the field of discourse studies, is not finally defined, ambivalent and requires further clarification of its definition. The study of discourse in the communicative aspect has made significant achievements, but the problem of understanding it as a static (discourse – text) and dynamic (discourse – communication, interaction) phenomenon remains open.