До питання про визначення суб’єктів права на мир

The article is devoted to the definition and characterization of the subjects of the right to peace. The views of scientists who attribute the right to peace to collective rights, that is, to rights that concern all humanity, are analyzed. At the same time, it is noted that, given the modern transformations in society, not only peoples, nations or societies, but also individual individuals and their associations should be recognized as subjects of the right to peace. The above is argued by the fact that: 1) any fundamental human rights (the right to life, security, inviolability, honor and dignity) can be ensured exclusively in the presence of peace. Based on this, it is logical to enshrine the right of every person to peace at the constitutional level as a necessary condition for ensuring other human rights; 2) the recognition of the right to peace for every person will become a legal barrier to actions by the state itself that may cause aggression or violence (for example, as was the case during the Revolution of Dignity) and will contribute to the development of a policy of peaceful conflict resolution both within the state and in the international arena; 3) the recognition of the right to peace for every person will allow the establishment of special protection for every person who has suffered or may suffer in an armed conflict, will contribute to the restoration of the rights of victims of aggression through international courts and tribunals; 4) the consolidation of the right to peace for every individual will contribute to domestic and international stability, cooperation and comprehensive sustainable development. It is emphasized that modern threats to peace (terrorism, cybersecurity) are changing the concept of subjects of the right to peace. The emergence of private military companies has a significant impact on peace and security, therefore it requires legal regulation of their activities in order to minimize their negative impact on stability and peace in the world. Such regulation should include the development and adoption of uniform standards for the activities of private military companies at the international level; the establishment of clear mechanisms for accountability for violations; and the strengthening of public and international monitoring of their activities.