Державна допомога суб’єктам господарювання як чинник економічної політики держави в умовах воєнного стану

The article examines the theoretical and applied principles of state support and state aid to small business in martial law. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and applied aspects of the policy of state support for small business entities, types of state aid and improvement of existing mechanisms. The relevance of the proposed topic is due to the important role played by small business as a flexible and dynamic form of doing business in the socio-economic development of the country, the implementation of state and regional economic policy. Some aspects of the European experience in implementing state policy in the field of assistance to small business have been studied. The main goals of state policy in the field of small business development have been determined. Functional and institutional approaches to determining the essence of state aid to small business have been distinguished. The simultaneous use of both conceptual approaches is due to the presence of a systemic approach based on a comprehensive study of any system and the elements that form its essence. The main forms of state aid used within the framework of the policy of state support for the development of entrepreneurship have been considered. The features of the policy of state support for small businesses under martial law have been determined. The use of a cluster approach in state management of entrepreneurship development has been justified. The cluster approach solves the problem of insufficient financing of investment projects, since it attracts funds for the development of not a single enterprise, but a group of enterprises, which reduces the risks for conducting entrepreneurial activity. The stages of applying the cluster approach involve a set of the following actions: determining priority industries for clustering; studying the problems of small and medium-sized enterprises; determining priority areas of activity for each cluster based on the identified problems and assessing the existing potential; developing mechanisms for state financial support for the cluster; assessing the effectiveness of state financial support instruments for cluster enterprises. The importance of using public-private partnership as an effective tool for interaction between state authorities and entrepreneurs has been justified. Attention is focused on the importance of transforming the processes of regulatory and legal regulation of state support processes in the small business sector.