Study the Effect of Thyroid Disorders on Uric Acid Levels in a Sample of Iraqi Patients

Background: Thyroid hormones play important roles in body metabolism, and thyroid diseases are commonly metabolic disorders found among general populations. Deficient thyroid hormones causes hypothyroidism, while excessive thyroid hormones causes hyperthyroidism. Thyroid diseases often affect renal functions and purine nucleotide metabolisms, and affect the metabolism of purine nucleotides which can elevate the uric acid levels, the end product resulting from purine metabolisms and the major risk factor for gout development.
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\nAims of study: The aim of the current study was to determination of hyperuricaemia in patients suffering from thyroid disorders (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism).
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\nMethods: In the current case and control study, blood specimens were taken from (90) individuals from both sexes, (60) patients with thyroid disorders (30 hypothyroidism and 30 hyperthyroidism), and (30) apparently healthy persons as control groups. The ages of the study groups ranged between (30-60) years. The study was carried out at the department of teaching laboratories / Medical city in Baghdad-Iraq during the period from September to December 2023.
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\nSerum uric acid was measured using the enzymatic method technique and according to special kit from spine, while the thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) were measured using the i-Chroma II reader ELISA kits.
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\nResults: It was shown that the highest number and percentage of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and the control group was within the age group >39 years 17 (36.2%), 16 (34%) and 14 (29.8%) respectively. The gender results showed that the number and percentage of males was 16 (34.8%) in hypothyroidism group, 15 (32.6%) in hyperthyroidism group and 15 (32.6%) in controls, while the number and percentage of females was 14 (31.8%) in the hypothyroidism patients, 15 (34.1%) in hyperthyroidism group and 15 (34.1%) in controls. Results of thyroid hormones revealed that the mean+SD of T3 in the hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and controls was (7.21±13.98, 4.57±0.919, 1.27±0.31) respectively, while mean+SD of T4 in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and control groups was (3.33±0.52, 17.74±1.85, 9.14±1.36) respectively, whereas mean+SD of TSH in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and controls was (13.25±4.15, 0.06±0.05, 2.41±1.14) respectively. The results of uric acid estimation demonstrated that mean+SD of uric acid in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and controls was (7.86±0.43, 7.89±0.57, 4.53±0.90) respectively.
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\nConclusions: It can be concluded from the present study that the uric acid concentrations were elevated in both thyroid disorders (hypothyroidisms & hyperthyroidisms).