Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Antibiotic Use in Human Health and Livestock Management: Implications for Public Health, Sustainability, and Antibiotic Resistance.

Antibiotic misuse and resistance pose significant threats to public health and sustainability, with Texas serving as a crucial context for examining these issues due to its large-scale livestock industry and diverse population. This research investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use in both human health and livestock management among Texans. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey, data were collected from 404 respondents across various education levels, income brackets, and geographic locations. The study employed statistical methods including Chi-square tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis to explore the relationships between demographic factors and respondents' understanding and behavior related to antibiotics. Key findings revealed significant misconceptions regarding antibiotic use for viral infections and the necessity of completing prescribed courses, particularly among individuals with lower education levels. Although income was not determined to be related to antibiotic knowledge, geographic disparities were evident, with rural populations demonstrating riskier antibiotic practices compared to urban counterparts. Additionally, attitudes toward antibiotic use were strongly related to knowledge, while the willingness to pay more for antibiotic-free meat was associated with concerns about antibiotic resistance in livestock. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational campaigns in Texas, especially in rural areas and among lower-educated populations, to improve antibiotic stewardship and reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance. The study’s findings contribute to the broader public health discourse on antimicrobial resistance and provide a foundation for policy interventions and consumer awareness efforts.