Improving Self-Organization Capability in e-Learning using Soft System Methodology: A Case from Indonesia

Technology has provided new opportunities and challenges in Indonesian higher education, necessitating a new method of organizing its practices. This paper examines the challenges faced by university stakeholders in adapting to fully online learning two years after its implementation. We conducted a qualitative study at a private university in Indonesia using a soft-system methodology to improve the university’s self-organization capability in delivering a meaningful learning experience to the students. This paper identifies four main factors that influence the development of self-organization in higher education: strategic planning, personnel development, learning resources development, and IT capability development. This paper also discusses the role of information systems in developing self-organization capability.