Implementing Twaddle Triad to Reach a New Framework for an Integrative and Innovative Medicine

Davide Costa,1,2 Raffaele Serra1,2 1Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology. University “magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy; 2Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences. University “magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, ItalyCorrespondence: Raffaele Serra, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences. University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy, Tel +3909613647380, Email [email protected]: The concepts of disease, illness, and sickness, included in Twaddle triad, capture fundamentally different aspects of human health including medical, personal, anthropological, and social related phenomena. All the aforementioned scientific disciplines offer a variety of valuable insights, but they are not strongly connected to each other to describe a unique vision of health phenomena, and this represents a gap in the current literature. This article provides a review of the theoretical discussions on the Twaddle Triad, considering critiques and elements of interest, analyzing its connections with the concepts and the processes of recovery. The concept of recovery has been fully linked to Twaddle triad by means of its three main processes, curing, healing, and habilitating, in order to arrive to a new framework proposal that is able, connecting variables and attributes of each framing concept, to better describe and deepen multifaceted elements around different types of health problems.Keywords: illness, sickness, disease, recovery, Twaddle triad