The Impact of Biological Therapies and the Significance of Their Adherence on Asthma Outcomes in a Single Tertiary Asthma Center

Riyad Al-Lehebi,1,2 Razan H Kharraz,1 Ohud Fahad Alreshidi1 1Pulmonary Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Riyad Al-Lehebi, Pulmonary Department, King Fahad Medical City, P.O. Box. 59046, Riyadh, 11525, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 555520044 ; +966 112889999 Ext: 10858, Email [email protected]; [email protected] and Methods: Biological therapies have revolutionized the approach to treating asthma. This retrospective study evaluates the biologics impact on asthma outcomes, clinical remission, adherence prevalence, and the influence of adherence on outcomes. Baseline characteristics and post-therapy changes were analysed, and adherence was measured using percentage of days covered with therapy (PDC%).Results: A total of 67 patients initiated on biologics were included. Clinical improvements and statistically significant outcomes were observed across all biologics, including reduced asthma attacks, a lower dose of daily steroids, and improved symptom control and FEV1. Clinical remission was achieved in 24% of those who started on biologics. Patients demonstrated high adherence to biologics in the first year (average PDC% of 86%), though a modest decline to 84.5% was noted in the following year. Logistic regression revealed that adherence trends were not significantly associated with worsening asthma outcomes in the study cohort.Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of sustained patient support and education in maintaining high adherence to biological therapies, which can lead to improved asthma outcomes and, in some cases, clinical remission. The study highlights the potential of personalized treatment strategies and adherence-focused programs to optimize asthma management, particularly in severe asthma patients. Future research should explore long-term adherence patterns and the impact of patient-specific factors on treatment success.Keywords: severe asthma, biological therapy, adherence, asthma outcome, King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia